The source url in Channels is http://192.168.1.193:5592/channels.m3u and the m3u appeared to be using the channel-id correctly:
#EXTM3U
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="1" channel-number="4" tvc-guide-stationid="10462",KFOR 4 NBC
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/1
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="2" channel-number="8" tvc-guide-stationid="10614",KOCO 5 ABC
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/2
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="3" channel-number="9" tvc-guide-stationid="10826",News 9 CBS
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/3
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="4" channel-number="97" tvc-guide-stationid="43200",PBS Kids OETA
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/4
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="5" channel-number="98" tvc-guide-stationid="11097",SYFYHD
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/5
but given this isn't the only source those didn't seem like very unique channel-id's. I didn't see a way to edit these myself in ADBTuner, so I deleted and re-added them to ADBTuner which generated much more unique looking values:
#EXTM3U
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="304750381991485631842826324898497109546" channel-number="4" tvc-guide-stationid="10462",KFOR 4 NBC
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/6
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="317274650627073265624622566187629984482" channel-number="8" tvc-guide-stationid="10614",KOCO 5 ABC
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/7
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="300406752216648913453398486022876281107" channel-number="9" tvc-guide-stationid="10826",News 9 CBS
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/8
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="273112097237956915347202910554060058365" channel-number="97" tvc-guide-stationid="43200",PBS Kids OETA
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/9
#EXTINF:-1 channel-id="54364188263986303061466649371676481428" channel-number="98" tvc-guide-stationid="11097",SYFYHD
http://192.168.1.193:5592/stream/10
After re-adding PBS Kids to the Kids collection Apple TV is behaving correctly.
Thank you very much!