Apologies in advance - This is quite a long...
I'm retired, but used to own and run a technology company. I/We wrote Windows shrink-ware and did UNIX and Windows back-end support, so I understand and support the need for housekeeping and retiring old systems. I do a bit of pro bono work with Raspberry Pi systems. I believe that they should not be easily dismissed for specialist applications.
I, too, believe that the time has come to retire the Raspberry Pi4. I suspect that the Channels Raspberry Pi image was written around Buster or Bullseye. Bookworm, the current OS, is very different. These earlier distributions will not run on the Pi5.
Here are my observations on your recommendations ( Channels — Hardware ):-
- Intel N95 Mini PC: Initially designed for Windows (some cheaper versions still ship with Windows 10). Cost $179. Some doubts about the lifetime of products.
- NAS Device: Cheaper systems ($255) use low-power ARM chips (RTD1619B Quad-core. 1.4GHz, 1GB RAM). ARM devices range up to ~$455 and, unless you have additional needs, are "overkill". Intel 2GB systems are ~$600! As a general observation, domestic-level 2 disk RAID 0 systems are a catastrophe waiting to happen. RAID 1 is better; but, for many of us, a simple periodic robocopy or rsync on the device/across a network may be simpler (and more reliable).
- Apple Mac mini. I have owned several of these with few problems. They are expensive ($999). My main development machine is a 16GB iMac-M3, which I have used with Channels DVR. Ir works flawlessly.
I'm assuming that the disk supplied with all of these is too small, so an external disk is required for recording - I prefer exFAT as it runs with almost everything.
I have a previous post discussing why I switched to a low-cost Raspberry Pi5 system here: Raspberry Pi Revisited - I'm now using one again
To expand on that: The Channels DVR system is very efficient and works well on low-powered hardware. Comskip is the only thing that requires significant computing power. I have even run Channels on a Pi Zero 2W (0.5GB RAM, Quad 1.5GHz CPU). I was able to record 3 HD channels, watch one on an Apple TV, and have a recording running on an iPad - It worked OK (not recommended). Comskip (with 2 cores) was hopeless, taking about 1-2 times longer to run than the length of the recording - Compared to ~5-15% for the 2GB Pi5; and ~2-5% for the iMac.
Jon warns against booting from a microSD. Historically, probably true; but I think now much less relevant. The increasing use of surveillance cameras has driven a lot of R&D in this area. A standard microSD card was typically rated at 100 cycles (a 32GB card rated to record 3.2TB). Now, 300+ cycles is normal (~10TB). My Pi5 shows Channels and the OS write <2GB a day to a 64GB microSD - Indicating a mean expected life of >17 years. I actually use an "extended life" microSD which are rated at 10 times this (100 years?!). You quote 8GB/hr for recording, mine is ~2.5GB for a mixture of SDTV and 1080HDTV. The actual recording is 8-12GB a day to a 2TB SSD. It's unlikely that I would want to record to the microSD card; but a very rough calculation for a recording rate of 2.5 GB/hr, indicates that for me a standard 256GB card has an expected lifetime of years. On your numbers that is >9,000 hours of recording or ~5 years at 5hrs a day. In theory multiply that by 5-10 for "extended life" cards.
In the last 4 years I have had failures of 1 SSD (1GB), 3 different USB thumb drives, 1 old HDD (500MB), but no microSD cards. As a result, I tend to use them as small portable backups. I believe that many microSD failures are because of rough handling, leaving on car dashboards, etc.
I don't want a preformatted image, but would ask that Channels DVR continues active support of the Raspberry Pi 5 for the following reasons:-
- Cheap - Excluding disks from a 2GB Pi5, Flirc case, power supply, and microSD cost $145. If the Pi dies, a new one is $85. I note that the difference in power consumption of the other systems would give an extra lifetime TCO of ~$90-$140.
- Reliability - The Pi has an excellent reputation; and I would expect better if run in a passive thermal case.
- Lifetime - The Pi5 will remain in production until at least January 2036.
- Availability - Supply constraints seem to be over. Millions sold.
- Simplicity - Set up with a simple internet install when connected to an Ethernet port. Download and install the OS even if a card with the OS is not available.
- Windows 10 - Goes out of official support on October 14.
- Windows 11 - Patch Tuesday!
- Cheap NAS - Cheaper (more reliable?) systems can be made with a Pi5.
All costs are from Amazon or the manufacturer in Australian Dollars (1 AU$ = 0.64 US$).
Might I suggest that the Linux install notes might be expanded with useful scripts/notes for crontab, apt, rsync, etc.?
My use of the Pi5 is as a simple "set and (almost) forget" server device. I am unlikely to use it as a screen player, so "headless" works. If a user needs to copy an SD etc., the normal Desktop version may be useful.
Any comments or criticisms are welcome.